interrogation

Interrogation (Danish: afhøring) is the systematic questioning of individuals—whether suspects, accused persons, or witnesses—conducted by police or judicial authorities to gather information and clarify facts in criminal cases. In Danish criminal procedure, interrogation serves as a fundamental investigative tool governed by the Administration of Justice Act (Retsplejeloven), which establishes strict procedural safeguards to protect individual rights while enabling effective law enforcement.

The Danish legal framework distinguishes between different types of interrogation depending on the person's legal status and the procedural stage. Police interrogations during investigation are regulated by provisions ensuring that suspects are informed of their rights, including the right to remain silent and the right to legal counsel. Court interrogations follow more formalized procedures, particularly when questioning the accused or examining witnesses under oath. The principle of voluntariness is central—confessions or statements obtained through coercion, threats, or improper inducement are inadmissible as evidence.

Special procedural rules apply when interrogating vulnerable individuals, particularly children and persons with cognitive impairments. Section 745e of the Administration of Justice Act mandates video-recorded interrogations for children under 15 who are victims or witnesses in cases involving sexual offenses, violence, or similar serious crimes. These recordings serve both to preserve the child's testimony and to minimize repeated questioning that could cause additional trauma. Similar protections extend to particularly vulnerable adults in comparable situations.

In true crime contexts, interrogation often refers specifically to the questioning of suspects by police during criminal investigations—moments that can prove decisive in solving cases. Danish criminal procedure emphasizes documentation, with written records or audio/video recordings required for most formal interrogations. This documentation serves multiple purposes: ensuring procedural correctness, preserving evidence, and enabling judicial review of investigative methods.

The right to legal representation during interrogation is a cornerstone of Danish criminal procedure. Suspects in serious cases have the right to have a defense attorney present during questioning, and courts may appoint counsel if the suspect cannot afford one. This safeguard helps balance the power asymmetry between state authorities and individuals under investigation, ensuring that interrogations remain within legal boundaries while respecting fundamental rights to a fair process.